Khrushchev, the former leader of the Soviet Union, used to tell a story about a factory guard who was posted at a lumber mill in Leningrad to guard against employee theft. One day, a worker came walking out of the factory with a wheelbarrow containing a sack. The guard asked the worker what was in the sack, assuming that it was something the worker was stealing. The factory worker explained that it was a bag of sawdust, which he had permission to take home. The unconvinced guard searched the bag and found it to contain nothing but sawdust. Day after day the same scene played out, with the work...